Determine if the property is in a National Register Historic DistrictNational Register listing is honorary and does not restrict private property use unless federal funding or permits are involved. Check the National Register database.
Check if the property is in a locally designated historic districtCriticalLocal historic districts impose design review requirements enforced by the city or county. These are the restrictions that directly affect property owners.
Determine if the property itself is individually landmarkedCriticalIndividual landmark designation may impose stricter requirements than district-wide rules. Demolition is typically prohibited or extremely difficult.
Identify whether the property is 'contributing' or 'non-contributing' to the districtContributing structures are historically significant and face more restrictions. Non-contributing structures have more flexibility for modifications.

Identify the local historic preservation commission (HPC) or review boardCriticalThe HPC reviews and approves changes to properties in local historic districts. Learn their meeting schedule, application deadlines, and review criteria.
Obtain and review the district's design guidelines documentCriticalDesign guidelines specify approved materials, colors, window types, door styles, roofing, fencing, and addition requirements. These vary by district.
Determine which changes require a Certificate of Appropriateness (COA)Most exterior changes need COA approval before building permits are issued. Some districts also review interior structural changes. Routine maintenance typically does not require review.
Understand the COA application process and timelineApplications typically require drawings, material samples, and photos. Review timelines range from 2 weeks (staff review) to 2+ months (full commission review).
Check if demolition is restricted or requires special findingsMost historic districts prohibit or severely restrict demolition. 'Demolition by neglect' ordinances may require owners to maintain properties to prevent deterioration.

Understand the Secretary of Interior's Standards for RehabilitationThese 10 standards guide appropriate treatment of historic properties. Most local commissions use them as the basis for their review. Federal tax credit projects must comply.
Budget for historically appropriate materials (typically 10-30% higher cost)CriticalHistoric districts often require wood windows (not vinyl), natural materials (stone, brick, wood siding), and specific architectural details that cost more than standard alternatives.
Check rules for window replacement (often the most contentious issue)Many HPCs require repair over replacement. If replacement is approved, new windows must match the originals in material, profile, and operation. Vinyl is rarely approved.
Verify requirements for roofing materials and visible mechanical equipmentApproved roofing materials vary: slate, standing seam metal, or architectural shingles. HVAC units, solar panels, and satellite dishes may need to be screened from public view.
Review rules for additions and new construction in the districtAdditions typically must be distinguishable from original construction but compatible in scale, materials, and character. Set-back requirements for additions are common.

Investigate the Federal Historic Tax Credit (20% of qualified rehabilitation costs)Available for income-producing properties in National Register districts. Must follow Secretary of Interior's Standards. Minimum $5,000 in qualified expenditures.
Check for state historic tax credits (additional 10-25% in many states)Over 35 states offer historic tax credits that can be combined with the federal credit. Some states extend credits to owner-occupied residential properties.
Research local property tax incentives for historic propertiesMany jurisdictions offer property tax freezes, abatements, or reduced assessments for rehabilitated historic properties. Check with your local assessor.
Explore grant programs for historic property restorationFederal, state, and local preservation organizations offer grants for facade improvements, structural stabilization, and emergency repairs to historic properties.

Historic District Property Checklist