Check if solar panels are permitted as an accessory use in your zoning districtCriticalMost residential zones allow rooftop solar by right. Ground-mounted systems may face setback, height, and lot coverage requirements.
Review height restrictions for rooftop and ground-mounted systemsRooftop panels that extend above the roof ridge may violate height limits. Ground-mounted systems are typically limited to 6-15 feet.
Check setback requirements for ground-mounted solar arraysGround-mounted systems must meet accessory structure setbacks. Front yard installations are often prohibited.
Verify lot coverage calculations include ground-mounted arraysGround-mounted solar panels may count toward maximum lot coverage percentages. Check your local zoning ordinance.
Check for solar access or solar rights laws in your stateCriticalMany states have solar access laws that protect your right to install solar panels. Some prohibit HOAs from banning solar and limit local government restrictions.

Determine which permits are required (building, electrical, zoning)CriticalMost solar installations require building and electrical permits. Some jurisdictions have streamlined permitting for residential solar. Typical permit costs: $200-$500.
Check if design review or architectural approval is neededHistoric districts and some planned communities require design review. Review may consider panel placement, visibility from street, and aesthetic impact.
Apply for utility interconnection agreement (net metering)CriticalContact your utility company to apply for interconnection before installation. Net metering policies determine how you're credited for excess generation.
Verify if a structural engineering assessment is required for roof-mounted systemsSome jurisdictions and installers require structural engineering review to verify the roof can support the added weight (2-4 lbs per square foot).
Check fire code requirements for roof access and setbacksMany fire codes require 3-foot setbacks from roof edges and ridges for firefighter access. ICC Solar PV fire code provisions may apply.

Review HOA CC&Rs for solar panel restrictionsWhile many states prohibit HOA solar bans, some HOAs can still regulate panel placement, visibility, and aesthetics within legal limits.
Check state solar rights laws that override HOA restrictionsStates like California, Arizona, Colorado, and Florida have laws limiting HOA ability to restrict solar installations. Know your state's protections.
Consider neighbor shade and solar access issuesNearby trees or future construction on neighboring properties could shade your panels. Some states have solar easement statutes to protect access.
Review any aesthetic requirements for panel placementSome HOAs and jurisdictions allow solar but require panels to be placed on rear-facing roofs, match roof color, or be flush-mounted.

Verify eligibility for the Federal Residential Clean Energy Credit (30%)CriticalThe federal Investment Tax Credit (ITC) covers 30% of solar installation costs through 2032 (stepping down to 26% in 2033, 22% in 2034). Applies to rooftop and ground-mounted systems.
Research state and local solar incentives (DSIRE database)Many states offer additional tax credits, rebates, property tax exemptions, and sales tax exemptions for solar installations. Check dsireusa.org.
Check if your utility offers solar renewable energy certificates (SRECs)In some states, solar system owners earn SRECs that can be sold for $10-$400+ each, providing ongoing income beyond net metering savings.
Investigate Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) financing optionsPACE programs allow solar financing through property tax assessments. Available in some states. Note: PACE liens can complicate future property sales.
Understand net metering rates and policies in your utility territoryNet metering policies vary by state and utility. Some offer retail rate credits, others wholesale. Policies are changing rapidly — confirm current rates.

Solar & Renewable Energy Installation Checklist