Bedford Zoning Overview

Bedford is a town in Hillsborough County, New Hampshire, with a population of approximately 23,322 (2020 Census). As a New Hampshire town, Bedford operates under a town meeting and board of selectmen form of government. Land use and development are regulated through the town's zoning ordinance, administered by the Bedford Planning Department.

Bedford's zoning ordinance divides the town into several districts, ranging from the large-lot Residential & Agricultural (R&A) zone requiring a minimum of one acre, to the more compact General Residence (GR) zone at 20,000 square feet. The town also includes Commercial (CO) and Performance Zone (PZ) districts for business and mixed-use development.

Key Zoning Districts

Bedford's primary residential zoning districts include:

• R&A (Residential & Agricultural) — Minimum 1-acre lots with 40 ft front, 25 ft side, and 25 ft rear setbacks. Maximum height of 35 ft.
• R (Residential) — Minimum 40,000 sq ft lots with 35 ft front, 20 ft side, and 25 ft rear setbacks. Maximum height of 35 ft.
• GR (General Residence) — Minimum 20,000 sq ft lots with 30 ft front, 15 ft side, and 20 ft rear setbacks. Maximum height of 35 ft.

The Commercial (CO) and Performance Zone (PZ) districts accommodate non-residential and mixed-use development with standards that vary based on use and site conditions.

ADU Regulations (Accessory Dwelling Units)

New Hampshire state law (RSA 674:72-73) requires all municipalities to allow ADUs (Accessory Dwelling Units) as a matter of right on any property with a single-family dwelling. This is a state mandate that Bedford must comply with. Key points:

• One ADU is permitted per single-family lot
• The ADU may be attached to or detached from the primary dwelling (subject to local standards)
• Municipalities cannot prohibit ADUs but may adopt reasonable regulations regarding size, parking, and other dimensional standards
• Contact the Bedford Planning Department for the town's specific ADU application requirements and any local dimensional standards

Building Code

Bedford follows the NH State Building Code (RSA 155-A), which is based on the International Building Code (IBC) and International Residential Code (IRC). All construction must comply with the state building code.

Development Process

Development in Bedford generally requires obtaining the appropriate permits from the town's planning and building departments. The process typically involves:

1. Zoning Verification — Confirm that your proposed use is permitted in the applicable zoning district
2. Planning Board Review — For subdivisions, site plans, and certain other projects, submit an application to the Bedford Planning Board
3. Building Permit — Apply for a building permit with construction documents
4. Inspections — Schedule required inspections during construction
5. Certificate of Occupancy — Obtain final approval before occupying the structure

For projects that do not conform to existing zoning, property owners may need to seek a variance or special exception from the Bedford Zoning Board of Adjustment (ZBA).

Key Considerations

Before starting any development project in Bedford, property owners should:

• Verify the zoning classification of their property
• Review setback, height, and lot coverage requirements for the applicable district
• Check for any overlay districts or special regulations
• Determine if the property is in a flood zone using FEMA's flood map service
• Confirm whether HOA covenants or deed restrictions apply
• Contact the Bedford Planning Department at (603) 472-5243 for pre-application guidance

Disclaimer: This guide provides general information about zoning in Bedford, NH and should not be relied upon as legal advice. Zoning codes are subject to change. Always verify current regulations with the Bedford Planning Department before making development decisions.